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Determination of heterozygosity for avirulence/virulence loci through sexual hybridization of

Yuan TIAN,Gangming ZHAN,Xia LU,Jie ZHAO,Lili HUANG,Zhensheng KANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第1期   页码 48-58 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016114

摘要： Wheat stripe rust caused by f. sp. is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat worldwide and resistant cultivars are vital for its management. Therefore, investigating the heterozygosity of the pathogen is important because of rapid virulence changes in isolates heterozygous for avirulence/virulence. An isolate of f. sp. was selfed on to determine the heterozygosity for avirulence/virulence loci. One hundred and twenty progeny isolates obtained from this selfing were phenotyped using 25 lines of wheat containing genes and genotyped with 96 simple sequencing repeat markers, with 51 pathotypes and 55 multi-locus genotypes being identified. All of these were avirulent on lines with , , , and and virulent on lines with , and , indicating that the parental isolate was homozygously avirulent or homozygously virulent for these loci. Segregation was found for wheat lines with , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and . The 17 cultivars to which the was identified as heterozygous with respect to virulence/avirulence should not be given priority in breeding programs to obtain new resistant cultivars.

关键词： Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici     selfing     heterozygosity     virulence inheritance    

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Comments on “Determination of heterozygosity for avirulence/virulence loci through sexual hybridization

Ralf T. Voegele

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第1期   页码 121-122 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017142

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Experience inheritance from famous specialists based on real-world clinical research paradigm of traditional

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 300-309 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0357-8

摘要：

The current modes of experience inheritance from famous specialists in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) include master and disciple, literature review, clinical-epidemiology-based clinical research observation, and analysis and data mining via computer and database technologies. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages. However, a scientific and instructive experience inheritance mode has not been developed. The advent of the big data era as well as the formation and practice accumulation of the TCM clinical research paradigm in the real world have provided new perspectives, techniques, and methods for inheriting experience from famous TCM specialists. Through continuous exploration and practice, the research group proposes the innovation research mode based on the real-world TCM clinical research paradigm, which involves the inheritance and innovation of the existing modes. This mode is formulated in line with its own development regularity of TCM and is expected to become the main mode of experience inheritance in the clinical field.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)     real world     clinical research paradigm     famous specialist     experience inheritance    

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A Novel Light-Responsive Gene BcCfaS Regulates the Photomorphogenesis and Virulence of Botrytis cinerea

Guangjin Li,Zhanquan Zhang,Yong Chen,Tong Chen,Boqiang Li,Shiping Tian,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.015

摘要： Light is a fundamental environmental factor for living organisms on earth—not only as a primary energy source but also as an informational signal. In fungi, light can be used as an indicator for both time and space to control important physiological and morphological responses. Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) is a devastating phytopathogenic fungus that exploits light cues to optimize virulence and the balance between conidiation and sclerotia development, thereby improving its dispersal and survival in ecosystems. However, the components and mechanisms underlying these processes remain obscure. Here, we identify a novel light-signaling component in B. cinerea, BcCfaS, which encodes a putative cyclopropane fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase. BcCfaS is strongly induced by light at the transcriptional level and plays a crucial role in regulating photomorphogenesis. Deletion of BcCfaS results in reduced vegetative growth, altered colony morphology, impaired sclerotial development, and enhanced conidiation in a light-dependent manner. Moreover, the mutant exhibits serious defects in stress response and virulence on the host. Based on a lipidomics analysis, a number of previously unknown fungal lipids and many BcCfaS-regulated lipids are identified in B. cinerea, including several novel phospholipids and fatty acids. Importantly, we find that BcCfaS controls conidiation and sclerotial development by positively regulating methyl jasmonate (MeJA) synthesis to activate the transcription of light-signaling components, revealing for the first time the metabolic base of photomorphogenesis in fungi. Thus, we propose that BcCfaS serves as an integration node for light and lipid metabolism, thereby providing a regulatory mechanism by which fungi adapt their development to a changing light environment. These new findings provide an important target for antifungal design to prevent and control fungal disease.

关键词： Light     Botrytis cinerea     Cyclopropane fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase     Lipid metabolism     Photomorphogenesis     Virulence    

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exposure-induced spermatozoal small noncoding RNA alteration meditates the intergenerational epigenetic inheritance

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 176-184 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0885-y

摘要： Studies of human and mammalian have revealed that environmental exposure can affect paternal health conditions as well as those of the offspring. However, studies that explore the mechanisms that meditate this transmission are rare. Recently, small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) in sperm have seemed crucial to this transmission due to their alteration in sperm in response to environmental exposure, and the methodology of microinjection of isolated total RNA or sncRNAs or synthetically identified sncRNAs gradually lifted the veil of sncRNA regulation during intergenerational inheritance along the male line. Hence, by reviewing relevant literature, this study intends to answer the following research concepts: (1) paternal environmental factors that can be passed on to offspring and are attributed to spermatozoal sncRNAs, (2) potential role of paternal spermatozoal sncRNAs during the intergenerational inheritance process, and (3) the potential mechanism by which spermatozoal sncRNAs meditate intergenerational inheritance. In summary, increased attention highlights the hidden wonder of spermatozoal sncRNAs during intergenerational inheritance. Therefore, in the future, more studies should focus on the origin of RNA alteration, the target of RNA regulation, and how sncRNA regulation during embryonic development can be sustained even in adult offspring.

关键词： small noncoding RNAs     epigenetic inheritance     paternal intergenerational inherence     extracellular vesicles    

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Mitigating microbiological risks of potential pathogens carrying antibiotic resistance genes and virulence

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1682-4

摘要：

● Abundance of MAGs carrying ARG-VF pairs unchanged in rivers after WWTP upgrade.

关键词： Wastewater treatment plant upgrade     Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)     Virulence factors (VFs)     Gene co-occurrence     Genome-centric analysis    

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Inheritance and Innovation of Engineering Management Informatization

Kai Sun,Ren-huai Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第1期   页码 76-82 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014014

摘要： In the life-cycle of large projects, the operational phase lasts the longest, costs the most and substantially benefits the project. During the whole phase, energy, material and human resources may cost a lot. Effective control of such costs is one of the main targets of engineering management informatization. How to lower the organization collaboration cost in project management and how to support effective collaboration among different areas, organizations and departments in the ways of technology and management are major goals in engineering management informatization. In the phase of project operation, project owners, partners and customers are the stakeholders of engineering management informatization. Through the case of airport management informatization, inherited and innovation of engineering management informatization will be discussed. It is illustrated that airport informatization is the innovation of business model and technology applications through the analysis and study on cases of airport informatization.

关键词： engineering management     informatization     inter-organizational relationship     management creation     resource sharing    

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工程管理信息化的继承与创新

孙凯,刘人怀

《中国工程科学》 2013年 第15卷 第11期   页码 12-18

摘要：

在工程的全生命周期中，工程运营阶段的历时最长、成本投入最大，且是工程效益体现的主要环节。在工程运营阶段的成本投入中，能源、人力资源及设备更新占了很大的比重，对这些成本的有效控制，是信息化实现的重要目标之一；在工程运营阶段，工程管理机构与客户及合作伙伴共同构成信息化的主体，工程利益相关者的有效协作是信息化成功的关键所在，本文以机场信息化为例，对工程管理信息化的继承与创新进行了探讨。

关键词： 工程管理     信息化     组织协作     管理创新     资源共享    

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New insights in the battle between wheat and

Chunlei TANG,Xiaojie WANG,Yulin CHENG,Minjie LIU,Mengxin ZHAO,Jinping WEI,Zhensheng KANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 101-114 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015068

摘要： Wheat stripe rust caused by f. sp. ( ) poses a great threat to wheat production worldwide. The rapid change in virulence of leads to a loss of resistance in currently resistant wheat cultivars, which results in frequent disease epidemics. Therefore, a major focus is currently placed on investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying this rapid variation of pathogenicity and coevolving wheat resistance. Limited by the lack of a system for stable transformation of and the difficulties in wheat transformation, it is not easy to generate deeper insights into the wheat- interaction using established genetic methods. Nevertheless, considerable effort has been made to unravel the wheat- interaction and significant progress is being made. Histology and cytology have revealed basic details of infection strategies and defense responses during wheat- interactions, identified cellular components involved in wheat- interactions, and have helped to elucidate their role in the infection process or in plant defense responses. Transcriptome and genome sequencing has revealed the molecular features and dynamics of the wheat- pathosystem. Extensive molecular analyses have led to the identification of major components in the wheat resistance response and in virulence. Studies of wheat- interactions have now entered a new phase in which cellular and molecular approaches are being used. This review focuses on the cellular biology of wheat- interactions and integrates the emerging data from molecular analyses with the histocytological observations.

关键词： wheat     strip rust     Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici     host defense     pathogen virulence     biotrophic fungus    

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Pathogenesis of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection and the implication on management

Kelvin Kai-Wang TO FRCPath, Iris Wai-Sum LI FRCP, Ivan Fan-Ngai HUNG FRCP, Vincent Chi-Chung CHENG FRCPath, Kwok-Yung YUEN MD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 147-156 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0030-9

摘要： The pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus has caused the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century, leading to disproportionate fatalities in the low-risk population despite the generally mild nature of the illness. Advances in sci

关键词： influenza A virus     H1N1 subtype     pandemic     pathogenesis     virulence factors     immunity     management     antiviral    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Determination of heterozygosity for avirulence/virulence loci through sexual hybridization of

Yuan TIAN,Gangming ZHAN,Xia LU,Jie ZHAO,Lili HUANG,Zhensheng KANG

期刊论文

Comments on “Determination of heterozygosity for avirulence/virulence loci through sexual hybridization

Ralf T. Voegele

期刊论文

Experience inheritance from famous specialists based on real-world clinical research paradigm of traditional

null

期刊论文

A Novel Light-Responsive Gene BcCfaS Regulates the Photomorphogenesis and Virulence of Botrytis cinerea

Guangjin Li,Zhanquan Zhang,Yong Chen,Tong Chen,Boqiang Li,Shiping Tian,

期刊论文

exposure-induced spermatozoal small noncoding RNA alteration meditates the intergenerational epigenetic inheritance

期刊论文

Mitigating microbiological risks of potential pathogens carrying antibiotic resistance genes and virulence

期刊论文

Inheritance and Innovation of Engineering Management Informatization

Kai Sun,Ren-huai Liu

期刊论文

工程管理信息化的继承与创新

孙凯,刘人怀

期刊论文

New insights in the battle between wheat and

Chunlei TANG,Xiaojie WANG,Yulin CHENG,Minjie LIU,Mengxin ZHAO,Jinping WEI,Zhensheng KANG

期刊论文

Pathogenesis of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection and the implication on management

Kelvin Kai-Wang TO FRCPath, Iris Wai-Sum LI FRCP, Ivan Fan-Ngai HUNG FRCP, Vincent Chi-Chung CHENG FRCPath, Kwok-Yung YUEN MD,

期刊论文